Non-ferrous metal alloy vacuum furnace smelting in below atmospheric pressure until the high vacuum (from 100 kpa to 1.3 x 10-10 pa) under the condition of non-ferrous metal smelting and casting process. The production of refractory, rare and active metal material, is also a material with high purity and high quality metal important modern smelting technology. Vacuum smelting in 1917 began to transition from laboratory scale to the factory, at that time, only a small amount of smelting nickel base alloy, thermocouple material and heat resistance. With the development of vacuum technology and military industry and modern science and technology, the need for high performance new metal materials, vacuum melting has been developing rapidly. Titanium in the 1950 s began to mass production. In the 70 s have dozens of tons to hundreds of tons of capacity of vacuum smelting equipment, now has developed into a important production department is equipped with modern technology and equipment of special material. Vacuum melting because the purification effect of strong, volatile impurities, gas effect is good, strong deoxidization ability, nitride and hydride can pyrolysis, some cannot be under atmospheric chemical reactions can also, especially the reaction with gaseous product formation, so to get high purity, uniform texture, low air content, less impurity, less defect and good performance of metal material processing. Atomic energy industry with high purity barium, hafnium and vanadium and thorium, high temperature alloy, thermoelectric, active metal titanium and zirconium alloys and magnetic materials, refractory metal, tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum, niobium and electric vacuum with copper, nickel alloys were produced by vacuum remelting process. Main vacuum smelting equipment and method of vacuum induction melting furnace, electric arc furnace smelting (see non-ferrous metal alloy vacuum arc furnace smelting) and electron beam furnace smelting 3 kinds.
Vacuum induction furnace smelting, is to put the sensor and the crucible into a vacuum, in 2 ~ 1.3 x 1.3 x 10-10-3 pa vacuum melting, used in the production of high temperature alloy and precision. Electron beam furnace smelting is under high vacuum (1.3 x 1.3 x 10-1 ~ 10-5 pa) with one or several, electron beam emitted from the electron gun bombardment was melted objects to melt drip into the condensed ingot water-cooled copper mold. Electron beam furnace smelting Yu Chaochun metal and refractory metal smelting.
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